![]() ![]() Micronutrients are needed in smaller amounts ( milligrams or micrograms) they have subtle biochemical and physiological roles in cellular processes, like vascular functions or nerve conduction. Consumed in relatively large amounts ( grams or ounces), macronutrients (carbohydrates, fats, proteins, water) are primarily used to generate energy or to incorporate into tissues for growth and repair. Inorganic nutrients include nutrients such as iron, selenium, and zinc, while organic nutrients include, among many others, energy-providing compounds and vitamins.Ī classification used primarily to describe nutrient needs of animals divides nutrients into macronutrients and micronutrients. Nutrients may be organic or inorganic: organic compounds include most compounds containing carbon, while all other chemicals are inorganic. Ascorbic acid ( vitamin C) is essential, meaning it must be consumed in sufficient amounts, to humans and some other animal species, but some animals and plants are able to synthesize it. Fungi live on dead or living organic matter and meet nutrient needs from their host.ĭifferent types of organisms have different essential nutrients. Plants require more diverse minerals absorbed through roots, plus carbon dioxide and oxygen absorbed through leaves. Essential nutrients for animals are the energy sources, some of the amino acids that are combined to create proteins, a subset of fatty acids, vitamins and certain minerals. Some nutrients can be metabolically converted to smaller molecules in the process of releasing energy, such as for carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and fermentation products ( ethanol or vinegar), leading to end-products of water and carbon dioxide. Nutrients can be incorporated into cells for metabolic purposes or excreted by cells to create non-cellular structures, such as hair, scales, feathers, or exoskeletons. The requirement for dietary nutrient intake applies to animals, plants, fungi, and protists. For the journal, see Nutrients (journal).Ī nutrient is a substance used by an organism to survive, grow, and reproduce. For nutrition in plants, see Plant nutrition. For nutrition in animals, see Animal nutrition. ![]() For nutrition in humans, see Human nutrition. ![]()
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